The electric light, nylon, the atomic bomb, the transistor and integrated circuits, Post-it notes, Teflon, Silly Putty, and biopharmaceuticals are all products that emerged from organized research and development (R&D) programs. What factors caused modern R&D? When and why did industrial R&D laboratories appear in the United States and other industrialized nations? Did their creation change the character of science, technology, and business? How has the institutionalization of R&D affected the work of the individual inventor and scientist? Does big business now dominate R&D in the United States, or does "the little guy" still play an important role in technological innovation? What about the role of universities? How has R&D been "managed"? With the globalization of business, is R&D also being globalized, and if so, how? Why did the last decade of the 20th century see the decline or disappearance of numerous prestigious industrial research organizations? What is the future of industrial R&D in the 21st century? These are some of the questions explored in this seminar, which is open to students from all colleges. | |
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